Infection of Pearsonema plica in dogs mainly occurs through which route?

Pearsonema plica is a nematode (roundworm) that primarily infects the urinary tract of dogs. The key to understanding the transmission route lies in its life cycle, which involves earthworms as intermediate hosts. Dogs become infected with Pearsonema plica when they ingest earthworms that are carrying the infective larvae of the parasite. This route of transmission is common for many parasitic infections that require a specific intermediate host to develop before they can infect the definitive host, in this case, dogs.

Ingestion of infected earthworms allows the larvae to reach the dog's intestine, where they can mature and migrate to the urinary system, leading to an infection. Understanding this route is critical for prevention strategies, including managing the environment where dogs may access infected earthworms.